Hardness ranking of various metals: tungsten, titanium, tritium, osmium, iron, steel, zirconium, chromium, vanadium, tantalum, the hardness of these metals is very high, and it is also very rare. These metals can be used in life and industry, and are essential metals in life and industry.
Metal hardness ranking:
1. Tungsten
Tungsten is one of the ten hardest metals in the world, this substance is a rare metal found on the earth, is a naturally formed metal. It was discovered in 1781 and became a new element. This metal has a very high ignition point and a very high boiling point, but it has a very important point that it has a certain toxin.
Tungsten is one of the hardest metals found in nature, as well as a natural metal with the highest tensile strength, high density (19.25 grams per cubic centimeter) and a high melting point (3422°C), which makes tungsten a good material for applications such as rocket nozzles. However, tungsten is brittle and easy to be destroyed on impact, which is similar to ceramics, but the brittleness of high purity tungsten will be improved.
Applications: Tungsten is used in the steel industry to make wear-resistant alloy steels, and is also used in lighting equipment, aerospace and chemical industries.
2. Titanium
Titanium itself has a gloss, silver from the appearance, and the density is very low, but the strength is very high. Not afraid of seawater corrosion, generally used in industrial production. This metal has a certain friendliness, so it can be provided for human use.
Titanium, known for its strength. Although it cannot be compared to any other metal in terms of Brinell hardness, titanium has an impressive strengt-to-weight ratio, almost 2 times that of steel, and even pure titanium is harder than many steels, so titanium and its alloys (e.g., and iron-carbon alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys) are often used in aerospace engineering, for spacecraft plates, fuel tanks, and jet engine parts. It is also widely used in shipbuilding, pipeline construction in corrosive environments, and as a framing material.
Titanium is non-toxic even in large doses and does not play any natural role inside the human body and is biocompatible, so it has many medical uses.
3. Tritium
Tritium is also a newly discovered metal and is extremely rare. Mainly from the United States, China, Sri Lanka and other regions. This metal is difficult to separate from other elements and has a certain degree of cohesion.
4. Osmium
Osmium is the densest of all metals and is also very rare. The surface has a certain luster and will not be changed by water and acid. It is often used as a catalyst and is also used in industrial production.
Osmium, a platinum group metal, is the densest natural element on Earth (22.59 grams per cubic centimeter). Resistant to high temperatures (melting point above 3033°C), it is often alloyed with other platinum group metals such as iridium, platinum and palladium and is used in many different fields where hardness and durability are required.
5. Iron
Iron is the most abundant of all metals, is very common in life, and the price is relatively low, compared with other metals. It's very versatile. Iron is used in food, in containers, and even in cars.
6. Steel
Steel is widely used in industrial production, because its hardness is very good, and there is a certain toughness. Mainly used for ship tools, machine weapons and so on. It occupies a relatively important position in building materials, and it also occupies a certain position in human life.
Steel, strictly speaking, is an alloy rather than a separate metal, is an alloy metal made of iron and other elements (such as carbon, chromium, nickel, manganese, etc.). It is the most used material in construction, mechanical engineering and other industries. Because steel can be used in many different quality grades, there is no uniform hardness value. In order to improve the wear resistance and heat resistance of steel, there are many different tempering techniques. Boron coatings, for example, can optimize the hardness of steel without making it brittle.
7. Zirconium
Zirconium is a transition metal with a silver-gray surface and strong corrosion resistance. It is often used to make pipes and pipe fittings and other items, but it is also used to make steel alloys, bricks, ceramics and so on.
8. Chromium
Chromium itself has a strong luster, but very fragile, the surface is also silver-gray, with a certain degree of polishing combined with air, will not fade. But if it's in oxygen, then there's a lot of instability.
Chromium, the hardest metal known, is often used to make alloys (such as stainless steel). It ranks high on the Mohs standard for measuring scratch resistance. The value of chromium lies not only in its hardness, but also in its high corrosion resistance, because chromium is easier to work with than the platinum group metals, but also more abundant, so chromium is a commonly used element in alloys.
Chromium also has a very high Mohs hardness (8.5 out of 10 for diamond), which means it can scratch samples of quartz and topaz, but can be scratched by corundum.
Chromium is also highly valued as a metal that can be highly polished without discoloration. Polished chrome reflects nearly 70% of the visible spectrum and nearly 90% of infrared light is reflected.
9. Vanadium
Vanadium has a certain softness, is very rare, and has a strong toughness. The surface is grayish white, mostly used to make engines, bearings, gear lights. It can also be used as an auxiliary element of medicine, originated in South Africa and Russia.
10. Tantalum
Tantalum has an oxide film on its surface, which is widely used in industry and is often used to make engines, capacitors and so on. It is produced in Thailand, Congo, Portugal and Canada.